What does the term 'fluency' refer to in reading?

Fluency in reading encompasses the ability to read text smoothly and accurately while also comprehending its meaning. This multidimensional skill involves not only the speed of reading but also the reader's capacity to understand and interpret the material being read. When a reader is fluent, they are able to recognize words quickly and automatically, which allows them to focus more on understanding the content rather than decoding individual words.

While the speed of reading is an important aspect of fluency, it is not the only component; comprehension is equally essential. Readers who are truly fluent can read quickly, yet they still grasp the main ideas and details of the text, achieving a balance that facilitates overall literacy development. Thus, the correct answer highlights the integration of both speed and comprehension, making it the most accurate understanding of what fluency entails in reading.